Duratec in detail

The place to "speak geek"
KingK_series
Posts: 567
Joined: Tue Jan 05, 2010 10:10 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by KingK_series » Tue Apr 01, 2014 3:45 pm

David wrote:Thanks for the feedback Simon. I find it quite flattering that it stands up so well to a BTCC engine - my experience is limited at this level and budget is certainly not in the BTCC league. Given unlimited funds, I would be quite happy to play around with exhaust lengths, but the fact of the matter is that they are as good as I'm likely to get in a one-off attempt.

I have always intended this to be a three stage project - engine, exhaust, and induction. I still need to improve the induction - but that won't be this year as the roller barrels are working well enough. The roller barrels are 45mm but the Duratec really needs 48+mm to get above 280BHP. The engine is also soft limited to 8000 rpm so I think there is more to come.

The dip you refer to has been the subject of some discussion, and we feel it is induction. At low RPM the roller barrels struggle with velocity past the injectors and fueling is particularly tricky. Torque actually increases as the barrel closes and we think it this is because velocity past the injector increases due to the geometry of the roller barrel (their shape is like a funnel). The standard fix for this is to move the injector out of the head and further up the induction path (which will be part of the induction upgrade).

Image

Image

David

I'm always totally bewildered when people say 48mm tb or 45mm or what ever - 48mm where?

the trick in induction is mostly length, then airbox volume, then snorkel length [you don't have one] and dia, then throat TAPER -which obviously means a different dia at every point away from valve


also do not believe what you hear about injector position - its much much more complicated than that, - for instance what spray angle do you have? if you have a very wide spray, then at low speeds you are just wetting the tb walls and fuel is dribbling into the cylinder to wash your bores and not burn, at higher gas speeds [higher revs] you will obviously get less wash out, move that injector up the bore where the bore is wider, maybe beyond the butterfly and you will get a better air/fuel mix which will give you a better result on the dyno , on the other hand if you have a pencil jet injector, the reverse may happen. that's why moving the injector about with no other consideration is a nonsense - people who want the best will choose injector and its a surprise to some but choose the right injector and site it properly and there is no disadvantage to two injector set ups which is clumsy and expensive.

secondly I guarantee the low dips have absolutely nothing to do with induction, I've modelled it and played with it a billion times - its all to do with collector shape and volume - not primary exhaust length, not induction length or tb size at all. Careful design will smooth it, but you need to do the software simulation and get the exhaust made as a one off.


Ps the whole BTCC "thing" is a nonsense, my BTCC engine is less TB size, less valve size, less cam, on a plenum, on a wet sump like a stock OEM Honda K20A2 - which shows you what tuning can do - and the exhaust was a carry over from the Judd - I wasn't allowed the time or budget to do my own, consequently it was much too big at 2 inch dia for an 8500rpm engine and I know I could have got another 15brake out of it had I been allowed a smaller stepped exhaust and been allowed to change the induction pipe which was ridiculously too big.

the money in this engine went on making ridiculously heavy one off rods and pistons to meet regs - ie pistons had to be 350gmm - which meant lots of extra ally and a solid gudgeon pin to make the weight - stupid really but those were the regs

KingK_series
Posts: 567
Joined: Tue Jan 05, 2010 10:10 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by KingK_series » Tue Apr 01, 2014 4:16 pm

David

- far more interesting and way more important than 4 pot engineering

I reread the beginning of this thread to remind myself of valve size etc........


- did you rebuild a Mercury?

was it a VIII?

BEAUTIFUL bit of engineering that -

User avatar
David
Posts: 1142
Joined: Fri Aug 29, 2008 8:36 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by David » Tue Apr 01, 2014 4:46 pm

KingK_series wrote:David

- far more interesting and way more important than 4 pot engineering

I reread the beginning of this thread to remind myself of valve size etc........


- did you rebuild a Mercury?

was it a VIII?

BEAUTIFUL bit of engineering that -
It was a Bristol Mercury XX (1940) and produced 870 HP which I think was the most powerful variant. The engine was restored to flying condition before I had anything to do with it, but, together with some other enthusiasts, I helped with maintenance, repairs. and power runs after it was grounded by a few technical mishaps. It is now flying again as part of the Shuttleworth collection.
Caterham - R400
Mini Cooper

Duratec in Detail
flickr
Youtube
facebook

KingK_series
Posts: 567
Joined: Tue Jan 05, 2010 10:10 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by KingK_series » Tue Apr 01, 2014 7:45 pm

David wrote:
KingK_series wrote:David

- far more interesting and way more important than 4 pot engineering

I reread the beginning of this thread to remind myself of valve size etc........


- did you rebuild a Mercury?

was it a VIII?

BEAUTIFUL bit of engineering that -
It was a Bristol Mercury XX (1940) and produced 870 HP which I think was the most powerful variant. The engine was restored to flying condition before I had anything to do with it, but, together with some other enthusiasts, I helped with maintenance, repairs. and power runs after it was grounded by a few technical mishaps. It is now flying again as part of the Shuttleworth collection.

got any pics?


I am really jealous of you now......

how did you get involved with Shuttleworth

- I've spent great time up there with Toby the engine builder talking Merlin's and Mercury's

User avatar
David
Posts: 1142
Joined: Fri Aug 29, 2008 8:36 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by David » Tue Apr 01, 2014 8:34 pm

It was the days before digital cameras so no too many as jpegs - these are the only ones to hand. Unfortunately I don't think I have any photos of the the engine - must check sometime. These were taken on a power run day - it's me boiling the oil. We had to pre-heat the oil if it hadn't run for a while otherwise it was too slow at getting oil pressure. The Lysander was part of the Strathallan collection and I used to help Cormack Aircraft services (CASL) and Jim McTaggart (display pilot) who were a good friends of the owner.

Starting it up was fun, but quite stressful as it was such a valuable aircraft. There was quite a lot that could go wrong. Fire was a real hazard as the priming required large quantities of fuel that would ignite in the airbox - It was important to keep it cranking to suck all the fire in. Chickening out was a bad idea and would almost certainly result in fire damage. :)

Image
Image
Image
Caterham - R400
Mini Cooper

Duratec in Detail
flickr
Youtube
facebook

KingK_series
Posts: 567
Joined: Tue Jan 05, 2010 10:10 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by KingK_series » Wed Apr 02, 2014 10:50 am

David wrote:It was the days before digital cameras so no too many as jpegs - these are the only ones to hand. Unfortunately I don't think I have any photos of the the engine - must check sometime. These were taken on a power run day - it's me boiling the oil. We had to pre-heat the oil if it hadn't run for a while otherwise it was too slow at getting oil pressure. The Lysander was part of the Strathallan collection and I used to help Cormack Aircraft services (CASL) and Jim McTaggart (display pilot) who were a good friends of the owner.

Starting it up was fun, but quite stressful as it was such a valuable aircraft. There was quite a lot that could go wrong. Fire was a real hazard as the priming required large quantities of fuel that would ignite in the airbox - It was important to keep it cranking to suck all the fire in. Chickening out was a bad idea and would almost certainly result in fire damage. :)

Image
Image
Image

Fantastic - I am very envious of you, those Bristol radials were exquisite bits of engineering = such a pleasure to see

- I've just been doing some work with a 1917 Bentley BR2 - Theres an original at the science museum, - the quality of machining is outstanding for today let alone 1917, awesome.

User avatar
David
Posts: 1142
Joined: Fri Aug 29, 2008 8:36 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by David » Mon Apr 14, 2014 8:08 am

After the aborted SIDC day, I finally managed to get the car out on track on Saturday evening. Conditions were dry but windy and cold, so it was not going to be a perfect. But first session went without a hitch and two more followed where I was beginning to get my eye in. I felt really rusty after the winter break and the impression was that the car was harder to drive. Perhaps, things were just happening quicker than before. . .

Watch on YouTube

Taking the pit lane straight, here's a comparison of pre and post up-garde.

Watch on YouTube

The data from the SLS last year, and Saturaday night, shows the improvement in acceleration and top speed. Well over 10 MPH and 1.7 second up on the pit straight alone. But this needs to take account of the wind on Saturday which (from my experience) was probably worth .5 second.

Image

So in conclusion, I think I've achieved what I set out to do. The car is definitely an R500+ now :D

Edit: just a footnote to say the drive-ability concerns were completely unfounded - with the new exhaust fitted, torque at all points on the power curve now exceed the old engine, but, pulling away, is tricky and is either a race start or some very careful clutch work.
Caterham - R400
Mini Cooper

Duratec in Detail
flickr
Youtube
facebook

User avatar
mckeann
Posts: 5370
Joined: Thu Mar 10, 2005 9:20 am
Location: Bo'ness

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by mckeann » Mon Apr 14, 2014 10:51 am

Now you just need the sequential gearbox :D

KingK_series
Posts: 567
Joined: Tue Jan 05, 2010 10:10 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by KingK_series » Mon Apr 14, 2014 2:50 pm

David wrote:After the aborted SIDC day, I finally managed to get the car out on track on Saturday evening. Conditions were dry but windy and cold, so it was not going to be a perfect. But first session went without a hitch and two more followed where I was beginning to get my eye in. I felt really rusty after the winter break and the impression was that the car was harder to drive. Perhaps, things were just happening quicker than before. . .

Watch on YouTube

Taking the pit lane straight, here's a comparison of pre and post up-garde.

Watch on YouTube

The data from the SLS last year, and Saturaday night, shows the improvement in acceleration and top speed. Well over 10 MPH and 1.7 second up on the pit straight alone. But this needs to take account of the wind on Saturday which (from my experience) was probably worth .5 second.

Image

So in conclusion, I think I've achieved what I set out to do. The car is definitely an R500+ now :D

Edit: just a footnote to say the drive-ability concerns were completely unfounded - with the new exhaust fitted, torque at all points on the power curve now exceed the old engine, but, pulling away, is tricky and is either a race start or some very careful clutch work.
Dave


have you metal or organic plates in that "Superclutch"?

User avatar
David
Posts: 1142
Joined: Fri Aug 29, 2008 8:36 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by David » Tue Apr 15, 2014 9:12 am

It's a sintered plate. I know your views on the clutch Simon, and of all the the things I've done, I think it is the one area I still have doubts. It was a decision primarily based on safety as the Caterham AP clutch does have a reputation of letting go at the RPM I eventually plan to use.
Caterham - R400
Mini Cooper

Duratec in Detail
flickr
Youtube
facebook

KingK_series
Posts: 567
Joined: Tue Jan 05, 2010 10:10 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by KingK_series » Tue Apr 15, 2014 7:40 pm

David wrote:It's a sintered plate. I know your views on the clutch Simon, and of all the the things I've done, I think it is the one area I still have doubts. It was a decision primarily based on safety as the Caterham AP clutch does have a reputation of letting go at the RPM I eventually plan to use.
David


the stock pressed steel clutch is a weapon, same as on an Elise , same as an Exeddy/OEM on a honda K20

pressed steel clutches are unbelievably heavy crude, cheap and because the friction plate is suspended only by thin leaf springs a guided missile waiting to shred engines, boxes and cars

I have seen them rip boxes and engines apart, - I've seen that happen with K20's too - its not the make its the design, theuy are evil.....

the trouble with nice clutches is that they are expensive short term [but cheap long term if only in terms of not having to be replaced and rebalanced] and need more care installing - however if done correctly an organic twin plate is absolutely as easy to drive in town, in traffic as a pressed steel OEM type.

I would never ever choose not to use one, race car, track day car, shopping trolly car, but its been a jopurney understanding how to install them ...

User avatar
David
Posts: 1142
Joined: Fri Aug 29, 2008 8:36 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by David » Tue May 13, 2014 4:27 pm

My son beginning to get the hang of the new engine with a Class win and lap record at Inglistion sprint at the weekend. We were trying out the new titan diff and a lower ratio. The car is much more fun now, but does need a bit more skill if it's good times you're after.

Watch on YouTube

Caterham - R400
Mini Cooper

Duratec in Detail
flickr
Youtube
facebook

User avatar
David
Posts: 1142
Joined: Fri Aug 29, 2008 8:36 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by David » Tue May 27, 2014 9:56 am

Just a little post script to this . . .

Finally got my head round round the car and we bonded as one in the SLS Qualification with a 55.621 lap at KH. They were not ideal conditions, and there's still more time to shave from that, so really pleased. :)

Watch on YouTube

It put me top of Class A and on pole throughout the session until Charlie Shaw managed to bolt his 1000 BHP car back together in the last few second, and Adam kindness also pipped me by a tenth on his last lap
Caterham - R400
Mini Cooper

Duratec in Detail
flickr
Youtube
facebook

User avatar
tut
Barefoot Ninja
Posts: 22975
Joined: Tue Mar 15, 2005 5:53 pm
Location: Tut End, Glen of Newmill

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by tut » Tue May 27, 2014 11:04 am

Cracking time David, but did notice that you were only hitting 115 at Duffus whereas you were showing 124 a few weeks ago.

tut

ps:- could you post up the finals results when you have them?

User avatar
David
Posts: 1142
Joined: Fri Aug 29, 2008 8:36 am

Re: Duratec in detail

Post by David » Tue May 27, 2014 11:14 am

I'll do a full report on the weekend when I get some time, but here's the mylaps results. I was in group 2 - the weather was mostly cold and damp, or wet, with Saturday reverse and Sunday normal direction.


Round 2 Times - http://www.mylaps.com/en/events/1020521
Round 3 Times - http://www.mylaps.com/en/events/1021509 inc Time Attack
Caterham - R400
Mini Cooper

Duratec in Detail
flickr
Youtube
facebook

Post Reply